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Antimicrobial resistance, Shiga toxin gene detection, and in silico analysis of Escherichia coli isolated from chronic kidney disease patients in Pakistan

Paper C Not peer reviewed Observational

Key takeaways

This study found a link between bacterial contamination and kidney disease. It is an observational study, the sample size is too small to generalize.

Who did this work

Sardar Ali · Firasat Hussain · Asad Ur Rehman · Faisal Siddique · Muhammad Ayaz · Khaled S. Allemailem · Nada A. Alzunaidy · Muhammad Nadeem Khan · Albatul Alharbi · Majid Khan

Source

Paper · OpenAlex, CKD works · 2026-08-11
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-64459-y